Hypoglycemia/Hyperglycemia

Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are two common metabolic disorders that can interfere with a patient's health. These two conditions, also known as low blood sugar and high blood sugar, are caused by an imbalance in the body's natural ability to regulate glucose. Patients experiencing either of these conditions may experience dizziness, fatigue, blurred vision, and difficulty concentrating. Patients need to be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia so that appropriate action can be taken to restore a healthy balance of glucose in the body.

What is hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia?

Hypoglycemia is a condition in which the body has low levels of glucose in the blood, usually below 70 mg/dL. Hyperglycemia is a condition in which the body has high levels of glucose in the blood, generally above 180 mg/dL. Both conditions can be dangerous and require medical attention. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include confusion and dizziness, while symptoms of hyperglycemia include increased thirst, increased urination, and fatigue. Treatment for both conditions involves balancing diet and activity levels with medication to maintain healthy blood sugar levels.

What are the causes behind hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia?

Hypoglycemia is caused by a deficiency of glucose in the bloodstream, usually due to not having eaten recently or taken too much insulin or other medications that lower blood sugar levels.

Hyperglycemia is caused by an excess of glucose in the bloodstream, often due to poor diet and lack of exercise, as well as certain medical conditions like diabetes and kidney disease. In some cases, stress can also contribute to both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.

What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia?

The symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are as follows:

Hypoglycemia symptoms:

• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Shakiness
• Hunger
• Sweating
• Irritability
• Fatigue

Hyperglycemia symptoms:

• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Blurred vision
• Fatigue
• Trouble concentrating

Both conditions can be dangerous if left untreated.

When should one see a doctor for hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia?

If a person is experiencing symptoms such as frequent headaches, trembling, confusion, irritability, hunger, fatigue, or palpitations, they should consult with a doctor. Hypoglycemia is often associated with feelings of lightheadedness and dizziness, while hyperglycemia may cause excessive thirst and frequent urination. Additionally, if someone has experienced extreme changes in their blood sugar levels over a short period, they should see a medical professional as soon as possible. If any of these symptoms are present, it is best to be evaluated by a doctor to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

What are the risk factors for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia?

• Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia risks are associated with various factors, including diabetes, medication use, hormonal changes, and certain medical conditions.
• Diabetes patients may experience hypoglycemia due to excessive insulin or other diabetes medication intake.
• Hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy or menopause can disrupt the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels.
• Certain medical conditions, such as liver failure, kidney disease, and pancreatic tumours, can cause hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.

Conclusion

Hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia are both serious medical conditions that can have long-term health consequences. Treatment and management of these conditions require the expertise of a doctor to ensure optimal health and safety. With proper diagnosis, treatment, and lifestyle changes, patients with hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia can achieve a healthier, more balanced lifestyle. Through education and awareness, we can help protect against the negative impacts of these conditions.

Request an appointment at Apollo Cradle, DELHI-NCR - Chirag Enclave. Call 1860-500-4424 to book an appointment.